The Atomic Bomb and its Effects on Post

The Atomic Bomb and its Effects on Post-World War Essay II American Literature Gioielli 1 Rob Gioielli Mrs. McFarlan Senior English 6 Dec. 1994 Then a tremendous flash of light cut across the sky . Mr. Tanimoto has a distinct recollection that it traveled from east to west, from the city toward the hills. We will write a custom essay on The Atomic Bomb and its Effects on Post-World War specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now It seemed like a sheet of sun.John Hersey, from Hiroshima, pp.8On August 6, 1945, the world changed forever. On that day the United States of America detonated an atomic bomb over the city of Hiroshima. Never before had mankind seen anything like. Here was something that was slightly bigger than an ordinary bomb, yet could cause infinitely more destruction. It could rip through walls and tear down houses like the devils wrecking ball. In Hiroshima it killed 100,000 people, most non-military civilians. Three days later in Nagasaki it killed roughly 40,000 . The immediate effects of these bombings were simple. The Japanese government surrendered, unconditionally, to the United States. The rest of the world rejoiced as the most destructive war in the history of mankind came to an end . All while the survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki tried to piece together what was left of their lives, families and homes. Over the course of the next forty years, these two bombings, and the nuclear arms race that followed them, would come to have a direct or indirect effect on almost every man, woman and child on this Earth, including people in the United States. The atomic bomb would penetrate every fabric of American existence. From our politics to our educational system. Our industry and our art. Historians have gone so far as to call this period in our history the atomic age for the way it has shaped and guided world politics, relations and culture. The entire history behind the bomb itself is rooted in Twentieth Century physics. At the time of the bombing the science of physics had been undergoing a revolution for the past thirty-odd years. Scientists now had a clear picture of what the atomic world was like. They new the structure and particle makeup of atoms, as well as how they behaved. During the 1930s it became apparent that there was a immense amount of energy that would be released atoms of Gioielli 2certain elements were split, or taken apart. Scientists began to realize that if harnessed, this energy could be something of a magnitude not before seen to human eyes. They also saw that this energy could possibly be harnessed into a weapon of amazing power. And with the advent of World War Two, this became an ever increasing concern. In the early fall of 1939, the same time that the Germans invaded Poland, President Roosevelt received a letter from Albert Einstein, informing him about the certain possibilities of creating a controlled nuclear chain reaction, and that harnessing such a reaction could produce a bomb of formidable strength. He wrote: This new phenomena would lead also lead to the construction of bombs, and it is conceivable, though much less certain-that extremely powerful bombs of a new type may thus be constructed (Clark 556-557).The letter goes on to encourage the president to increase government and military involvement in such experiments, and to encourage the experimental work of the scientists with the allocation of funds, facilities and equipment that might be necessary. This letter ultimately led to the Manhattan Project, the effort that involved billions of dollars and tens of thousands of people to produce the atomic bomb. During the time after the war, until just recently the American psyche has been branded with the threat of a nuclear holocaust. Here was something so powerful, yet so diminutive. A bomb that could obliterate our nations capital, and that was as big as somebodies backyard grill. For the first time in the history of human existence here was something capable of wiping us off the face of the Earth. And most people had no control over that destiny. It seemed like peoples lives, the life of everything on this planet, was resting in the hands of a couple men in Northern Virginia and some guys over in Russia. .uffcbe8101d616965f2ed645c04e55c8d , .uffcbe8101d616965f2ed645c04e55c8d .postImageUrl , .uffcbe8101d616965f2ed645c04e55c8d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uffcbe8101d616965f2ed645c04e55c8d , .uffcbe8101d616965f2ed645c04e55c8d:hover , .uffcbe8101d616965f2ed645c04e55c8d:visited , .uffcbe8101d616965f2ed645c04e55c8d:active { border:0!important; } .uffcbe8101d616965f2ed645c04e55c8d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uffcbe8101d616965f2ed645c04e55c8d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uffcbe8101d616965f2ed645c04e55c8d:active , .uffcbe8101d616965f2ed645c04e55c8d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uffcbe8101d616965f2ed645c04e55c8d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uffcbe8101d616965f2ed645c04e55c8d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uffcbe8101d616965f2ed645c04e55c8d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uffcbe8101d616965f2ed645c04e55c8d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uffcbe8101d616965f2ed645c04e55c8d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uffcbe8101d616965f2ed645c04e55c8d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uffcbe8101d616965f2ed645c04e55c8d .uffcbe8101d616965f2ed645c04e55c8d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uffcbe8101d616965f2ed645c04e55c8d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: the most dangerous game Essay The atomic bomb and the amazing power it held over us had a tremendous influence on American Culture, including a profound effect on American Literature. After the war, the first real piece of literature about the bombings came in 1946. The work Hiroshima, by Jon Hersey, from which the opening quote is taken, first appeared as a long article in . The Atomic Bomb and its Effects on Post The Atomic Bomb and its Effects on Post-World War Essay II American LiteratureRob GioielliMrs. McFarlanSenior English6 Dec. 1994Gioielli 1Rob GioielliMrs. McFarlanSenior English 6 Dec. 1994Then a tremendous flash of light cut across the sky . Mr. Tanimoto has a distinct recollection that it traveled from east to west, from the city toward the hills. It seemed like a sheet of sun.John Hersey, from Hiroshima, pp.8On August 6, 1945, the world changed forever. On that day the United States of America detonated an atomic bomb over the city of Hiroshima. Never before had mankind seen anything like. Here was something that was slightly bigger than an ordinary bomb, yet could cause infinitely more destruction. It could rip through walls and tear down houses like the devils wrecking ball. In Hiroshima it killed 100,000 people, most non-military civilians. Three days later in Nagasaki it killed roughly 40,000 . The immediate effects of these bombings were simple. We will write a custom essay on The Atomic Bomb and its Effects on Post-World War specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The Japanese government surrendered, unconditionally, to the United States. The rest of the world rejoiced as the most destructive war in the history of mankind came to an end . All while the survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki tried to piece together what was left of their lives, families and homes. Over the course of the next forty years, these two bombings, and the nuclear arms race that followed them, would come to have a direct or indirect effect on almost every man, woman and child on this Earth, including people in the United States. The atomic bomb would penetrate every fabric of American existence. From our politics to our educational system. Our industry and our art. Historians have gone so far as to call this period in our history the atomic age for the way it has shaped and guided world politics, relations and culture.The entire history behind the bomb itself is rooted in Twentieth Century physics. At the time of the bombing the science of physics had been undergoing a revolution for the past thirty-odd years. Scientists now had a clear picture of what the atomic world was like. They new the structure and particle makeup of atoms, as well as how they behaved. During the 1930s it became apparent that there was a immense amount of energy that would be released atoms of Gioielli 2certain elements were split, or taken apart. Scientists began to realize that if harnessed, this energy could be something of a magnitude not before seen to human eyes. They also saw that this energy could possibly be harnessed into a weapon of amazing power. And with the advent of World War Two, this became an ever increasing concern. In the early fall of 1939, the same time that the Germans invaded Poland, President Roosevelt received a letter from Albert Einstein, informing him about the certain possibilities of creating a controlled nuclear chain reaction, and that harnessing such a reaction could produce a bomb of formidable strength. He wrote: This new phenomena would lead also lead to the construction of bombs, and it is conceivable, though much less certain-that extremely powerful bombs of a new type may thus be constructed (Clark 556-557). The letter goes on to encourage the president to increase government and military involvement in such experiments, and to encourage the experimental work of the scientists with the allocation of funds, facilities and equipment that might be necessary. This letter ultimately led to the Manhattan Project, the effort that involved billions of dollars and tens of thousands of people to produce the atomic bomb. During the time after the war, until just recently the American psyche has been branded with the threat of a nuclear holocaust. Here was something so powerful, yet so diminutive. A bomb that could obliterate our nations capital, and that was as big as somebodies backyard grill. For the first time in the history of human existence here was something capable of wiping us off the face of the Earth. .u7c358a4b2ffc0b14bd02ddea90c630b2 , .u7c358a4b2ffc0b14bd02ddea90c630b2 .postImageUrl , .u7c358a4b2ffc0b14bd02ddea90c630b2 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7c358a4b2ffc0b14bd02ddea90c630b2 , .u7c358a4b2ffc0b14bd02ddea90c630b2:hover , .u7c358a4b2ffc0b14bd02ddea90c630b2:visited , .u7c358a4b2ffc0b14bd02ddea90c630b2:active { border:0!important; } .u7c358a4b2ffc0b14bd02ddea90c630b2 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7c358a4b2ffc0b14bd02ddea90c630b2 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7c358a4b2ffc0b14bd02ddea90c630b2:active , .u7c358a4b2ffc0b14bd02ddea90c630b2:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7c358a4b2ffc0b14bd02ddea90c630b2 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7c358a4b2ffc0b14bd02ddea90c630b2 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7c358a4b2ffc0b14bd02ddea90c630b2 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7c358a4b2ffc0b14bd02ddea90c630b2 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7c358a4b2ffc0b14bd02ddea90c630b2:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7c358a4b2ffc0b14bd02ddea90c630b2 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7c358a4b2ffc0b14bd02ddea90c630b2 .u7c358a4b2ffc0b14bd02ddea90c630b2-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7c358a4b2ffc0b14bd02ddea90c630b2:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Virtual Reality Essay And most people had no control over that destiny. It seemed like peoples lives, the life of everything on this planet, was resting in the hands of a couple men in Northern Virginia and some guys over in Russia. The atomic bomb and the amazing power it held over us had a tremendous influence on American Culture, including a profound effect on American Literature. After the war, the first real piece of literature about the bombings came in 1946. The work Hiroshima, by Jon Hersey, from which the opening quote is taken, first appeared as a . The Atomic Bomb and its Effects on Post The Atomic Bomb and its Effects on Post-World War Essay II Then a tremendous flash of light cut across the sky . Mr. Tanimoto has a distinct recollection that it traveled from east to west, from the city toward the hills. It seemed like a sheet of sun.John Hersey, from Hiroshima, pp. 8On August 6, 1945, the world changed forever. On that day the United States of America detonated an atomic bomb over the city of Hiroshima. Never before had mankind seen anything like. Here was something that was slightly bigger than an ordinary bomb, yet could cause infinitely more destruction. It could rip through walls and tear down houses like the devils wrecking ball. In Hiroshima it killed 100,000 people, most non-military civilians. Three days later in Nagasaki it killed roughly 40,000 . The immediate effects of these bombings were simple. The Japanese government surrendered, unconditionally, to the United States. The rest of the world rejoiced as the most destructive war in the history of mankind came to an end . All while the survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki tried to piece together what was left of their lives, families and homes. Over the course of the next forty years, these two bombings, and the nuclear arms race that followed them, would come to have a direct or indirect effect on almost every man, woman and child on this Earth, including people in the United States. We will write a custom essay on The Atomic Bomb and its Effects on Post-World War specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The atomic bomb would penetrate every fabric of American existence. From our politics to our educational system. Our industry and our art. Historians have gone so far as to call this period in our history the atomic age for the way it has shaped and guided world politics, relations and culture.The entire history behind the bomb itself is rooted in Twentieth Century physics. At the time of the bombing the science of physics had been undergoing a revolution for the past thirty-odd years. Scientists now had a clear picture of what the atomic world was like. They new the structure and particle makeup of atoms, as well as how they behaved. During the 1930s it became apparent that there was a immense amount of energy that would be released atoms of Gioielli 2certain elements were split, or taken apart. Scientists began to realize that if harnessed, this energy could be something of a magnitude not before seen to human eyes. They also saw that this energy could possibly be harnessed into a weapon of amazing power. And with the advent of World War Two, this became an ever increasing concern. In the early fall of 1939, the same time that the Germans invaded Poland, President Roosevelt received a letter from Albert Einstein, informing him about the certain possibilities of creating a controlled nuclear chain reaction, and that harnessing such a reaction could produce a bomb of formidable strength. He wrote: This new phenomena would lead also lead to the construction of bombs, and it is conceivable, though much less certain-that extremely powerful bombs of a new type may thus be constructed (Clark 556-557).The letter goes on to encourage the president to increase government and military involvement in such experiments, and to encourage the experimental work of the scientists with the allocation of funds, facilities and equipment that might be necessary. This letter ultimately led to the Manhattan Project, the effort that involved billions of dollars and tens of thousands of people to produce the atomic bomb. During the time after the war, until just recently the American psyche has been branded with the threat of a nuclear holocaust. Here was something so powerful, yet so diminutive. A bomb that could obliterate our nations capital, and that was as big as somebodies backyard grill. For the first time in the history of human existence here was something capable of wiping us off the face of the Earth. And most people had no control over that destiny. It seemed like peoples lives, the life of everything on this planet, was resting in the hands of a couple men in Northern Virginia and some guys over in Russia. The atomic bomb and the amazing power it held over us had a tremendous influence on American Culture, including a profound effect on American Literature. After the war, the first real piece of literature about the bombings came in 1946. .ue67e3a1e62ee42dbd0fbde8d1c0308b2 , .ue67e3a1e62ee42dbd0fbde8d1c0308b2 .postImageUrl , .ue67e3a1e62ee42dbd0fbde8d1c0308b2 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue67e3a1e62ee42dbd0fbde8d1c0308b2 , .ue67e3a1e62ee42dbd0fbde8d1c0308b2:hover , .ue67e3a1e62ee42dbd0fbde8d1c0308b2:visited , .ue67e3a1e62ee42dbd0fbde8d1c0308b2:active { border:0!important; } .ue67e3a1e62ee42dbd0fbde8d1c0308b2 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue67e3a1e62ee42dbd0fbde8d1c0308b2 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue67e3a1e62ee42dbd0fbde8d1c0308b2:active , .ue67e3a1e62ee42dbd0fbde8d1c0308b2:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue67e3a1e62ee42dbd0fbde8d1c0308b2 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue67e3a1e62ee42dbd0fbde8d1c0308b2 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue67e3a1e62ee42dbd0fbde8d1c0308b2 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue67e3a1e62ee42dbd0fbde8d1c0308b2 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue67e3a1e62ee42dbd0fbde8d1c0308b2:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue67e3a1e62ee42dbd0fbde8d1c0308b2 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue67e3a1e62ee42dbd0fbde8d1c0308b2 .ue67e3a1e62ee42dbd0fbde8d1c0308b2-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue67e3a1e62ee42dbd0fbde8d1c0308b2:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Creative writting exercise Essay The work Hiroshima, by Jon Hersey, from which the opening quote is taken, first appeared as a long article in the New Yorker, then shortly after in book .

Definition and Examples of Metadiscourse

Definition and Examples of Metadiscourse Metadiscourse is an umbrella term for words used by a writer or speaker to mark the direction and purpose of a text. Adjective:  metadiscursive. Derived from the Greek words for beyond and discourse, metadiscourse can be  broadly defined as discourse about discourse, or as  those aspects of texts  that affect the relations of authors to readers (Avon Chrismore, Talking With Readers, 1989). In Style:  The Basics of Clarity and Grace (2003), Joseph  M. Williams notes that in academic writing, metadiscourse appears most often in introductions, where we announce intentions: I claim that . . ., I shall show . . ., We begin by . . . and again at the end, when we summarize: I have argued . . ., I have shown . . ., We have claimed . . .. Explanations of Metadiscourse Some of our most common and useful metadiscourse signals are the conjunctive adverbs . . .: however, so, nevertheless, and prepositional phrases such as in other words, in addition, and in fact. Other text connectors youre familiar with, such as first, in the first place, second, next, finally, and in conclusion, clearly add to the ease of reading, the flow of the text.(Martha Kolln, Rhetorical Grammar: Grammatical Choices, Rhetorical Effects. Pearson, 2007)Metadiscourse reveals the writers awareness of the reader and his or her need for elaboration, clarification, guidance and interaction. In expressing an awareness of the text, the writer also makes the reader aware of it, and this only happens when he or she has a clear, reader-oriented reason for doing so. In other words, drawing attention to the text represents a writers goals relative to an assessment of the readers need for guidance and elaboration.(Ken Hyland, Metadiscourse: Exploring Interaction in Writing. Continuum, 2005) Writers and Readers Metadiscourse refers to the writers thinking and writing: We will explain, show, argue, claim, deny, suggest, contrast, summarize . . .the writers degree of certainty: it seems, perhaps, undoubtedly, I think . . .   (We call these hedges and intensifiers.)the readers actions: consider now, as you might recall, look at the next example ...the writing itself and logical connections among its parts: first, second, third; to begin, finally; therefore, however, consequently...   (Joseph  M. Williams,  Style:  The Basics of Clarity and Grace. Longman, 2003) Metadiscourse as Commentary Every student who has silently suffered a course of lectures, surreptitiously watching the clock, . . . knows what metadiscourse is, although the word may be quite unfamiliar. Metadiscourse is Last week and Now I propose to turn to and What are we to understand by this? and If I may put it metaphorically, all the way through to And so to conclude... followed by Finally... and Next week we shall go on to examine ...[M]etadiscourse is a kind of commentary, made in the course of speaking or writing. The essential feature of this commentary is that it is not appended to the text, like a footnote or a postscript, but is incorporated with it, in the form of words and phrases fitted into the unfolding message...Now many of the words and phrases we characterize, in their context, as metadiscourse quite obviously function as marks of text structure, or taxis, while as many again seem to occur as explanatory or corrective comments on diction and style, that is, lexis.(Walter Nash, An Uncommon Tongue: The Uses and Resources of English. Taylor Francis, 1992) Metadiscourse as a Rhetorical Strategy Definitions of metadiscourse that rely upon a clear-cut distinction between discourse (content) and metadiscourse (non-content) are ... shaky. Especially when analysing naturally-occurring speech, it cannot be assumed that all forms of communication about communication can be adequately separated from communication itself...Instead of defining metadiscourse as a level or plane of language, or a distinct unit separate from primary discourse, metadiscourse can be conceptualised as a rhetorical strategy used by speakers and authors to talk about their own talk (Chrismore 1989: 86). This is essentially a functional/discourse-oriented as opposed to a formally-oriented view.​(Tamsin Sanderson, Corpus, Culture, Discourse. Narr Dr. Gunter, 2008)

Why the Louisiana Never Recoverd From The Civil War Term Paper

Why the Louisiana Never Recoverd From The Civil War - Term Paper Example The aftermath of the Civil War was disastrous and eleven states out of the union were waiting to be readmissioned. The War had smashed the economy of the South and had drained the sources required for repairing the inflicted damage. The land was dotted with white refuges wandering in search of food and bare necessities of life. On the other hand, countless Blacks who were at last free were either running with their masters or running away from their masters towards the lines of the Union. The rest of the four million individuals were busy testing their newly acquired freedom. The aftershocks of United States civil war during the early 1960s were felt long after the incidence. It reshaped the very core of the social structure on which the society existed. The events and chaos of the civil war can be argued as major influences on the later outcomes that transformed this nation into what it reflects today. Although, the war struck all the states of the region, Louisiana being an important state in the southern region was affected severely in the hands of this massive turn of events. Its importance was due to its strategic location with a trade port. Orleans, a city of Louisiana was biggest in the southern region and provided with lots of manpower to the federal army to fight in the war.

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome - Essay Example There are currently no treatments that treat polycystic ovary syndrome as a whole, but individual symptoms are tended to based on the desires of each female. Polycystic ovary syndrome is a common medical condition in which women have an â€Å"imbalance of female sex hormones (Kovacs, 2007)† in women of reproductive age. When a teenage girl’s or woman’s ovaries produce significantly abnormal amounts of androgens, which are male sex hormones, the development and release of eggs are interfered with. With polycystic ovary syndrome, cysts - sacs filled with liquid - form instead of the eggs maturing. Then the cysts build up in the ovaries, often becoming enlarged, in lieu of an egg being released. When a teenager or woman has polycystic ovary syndrome, they often do not have a regular menstrual cycle. Polycystic ovary syndrome is among many disorders that doctors have been unable to determine a sole, definite cause. However, enough research in the matter has revealed a variety of factors that may play a role in the development of polycystic ovary syndrome. One such factor is genetics, with many doctors believing that if an individual’s mother or sister has been diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome, then the individual risks developing the syndrome as well. Similarly, current research is being undergone to determine if a mutated gene is involved in the formation of the cysts, making polycystic ovary syndrome a genetic disorder. Another possible factor in the developing of polycystic ovary syndrome is an excess of insulin. If an individual has a resistance to insulin, which would cause an impairment in effectively utilizing insulin, then the pancreas would produce more insulin to keep sugar available for the cells. If there is too much insulin, it can cause an increase in the androgen that is produced by the ovaries. This hormone is vital to the cysts’ survival, and too much androgen will allow them to

Defining The Winners And Losers English Literature Essay

Defining The Winners And Losers English Literature Essay Winning isnt everything, its the only thing (Lattterell 210). Spoken by one of the most well-known football coaches ever, Vince Lombardi sums up the value America places on competition in this quote. America is dominated by the cultural assumption that the role competition plays in the United States is to define winners and losers. While the assumption does value hard work, perseverance, and giving all ones got as a pathway to become a winner as well as whoever or whatever one dreams of being in life, the assumption fails to recognize Americans obsessions with the infinite new ways they concoct just to prove themselves as winners. In addition, the assumption does not take into account the way competition can turn into an out-of-control complete loss of civility (Latterell 211-213). Even more so, defining winners and losers causes Americans to value the extrinsic rewards for competing instead of looking at the value of intrinsic motivation and cooperation (Latterell 213-214). Joshua D avis and Alfie Kohn each question the assumption that constitutes almost every aspect of Americans lives and reflects Americas obsession with defining winners and losers. To begin with, Joshua Davis looks at the American cultural assumption on competition in his essay Team USA by looking at how it played a role in his own life. From early childhood, Davis had been influenced by his mother to become the champion she had never become. Ever since his mother place fifth in the 1962 Miss USA contest, she looked to her son to become the champion she had never been. Even after all of her accomplishments, she still saw herself as a loser or just average, and therefore, she wanted her son to become the winner she could no longer become (263-264). As humorous as it sounds, the five-foot-nine-inch, 129-pound data entry clerk looked to fulfill his goal to become a winner in his own right by becoming a professional arm wrestler (262). In the end, Davis made it all the way to the World Arm Wrestling Championships and ended up getting seventeenth in a field of eighteen. Humorously, Davis is now ranked seventeenth in the world for the 132-pound arm wrestling division without even winning one single match (275). Overall, the essay pokes fun at the American ideal that any individual can become a champion and winner if he/she really puts his/her mind to it and give it everything he/she has got. American society is so concerned with being winners that Davis wonders where an average citizen like himself stands out in society (275). The fact that this average citizen, who has been labeled a loser his entire life, becomes an internationally ranked arm wrestler without winning one match reflects Americans absurd desire to prove themselves as winners in any way imaginable. Daviss story is a direct criticism of Americas assumption on the value of competition. It is even essential to take notice of the way Davis criticizes Americas cultural assumption that hard work and extreme effort will get anyone to the top. His essay criticizes the assumption because he became internationally ranked with not one win and not nearly the amount of time and hard work that is needed to reach such a high status. By wri ting about his experience of becoming an internationally ranked arm wrestler through zero wins and no experiences or matches in arm-wrestling in his life prior to the U.S. National Arm Wrestling Championships, the essay further points out the silly, ridiculous, bizarre, and yet comical ways Americans try to prove themselves as winners (265). His mothers disappointment that came from competing in beauty pageants followed by her strong desire to push her own son to the status of champion is a sad representative example of Americas cultural desire to win-at-all-costs for trophies and other extrinsic rewards. The fact that some arm wrestlers had their legs amputated in order to cut off unnecessary weight so that they could have a better advantage at winning the gold is yet another ridiculous extreme people resort to in order to get themselves to the admirable, distinguished status of being a winner (275). Essentially, the essay is a criticism of the value Americans place on being a winn er and the measures people go to in order to become a winner. In No Contest: Play, Fun, and Competition, Alfie Kohn argues against the cultural assumption that competition and defining winners and losers is more enjoyable than play (277). To begin with, Kohn defines play and competition as two separate entities. He sees play as a voluntary and pleasing source of freedom free from being serious and free from the recordings of results and scores because they do not matter in play. Whereas play represents a process orientation (278) that is intrinsically gratifying, competition represents a product orientation (278) that is extrinsically gratifying. Furthermore, competition is strongly regulated with many rules. Motivating Americans for acceptance outside of oneself, competition is very goal-oriented with strong incentives to obtain power, trophies, and/or money (278-280). In competition, someone must end up a loser (286). Kohn makes a very important point in noticing that it is very hard for Americans to enjoy their leisure time when it is filled with competitions that directly resemble corporate America and Americas hierarchical social status system (280). In essence, Kohn is saying that competition especially sports resemble work more than it resembles pleasure and leisure (279). Competitions and sports are mainly getting people ready for a life that is filled with work, competition, and winners and losers (280). One of Kohns most important points is when he states that We have been raised to associate recreation with the win/lose model of our society, to assume that having fun means someone has to end up a loser (286). More importantly is the fact that when a victor is named and receives an external reward for their accomplishment over another person/team, any other gratification that could come from a game is lost. Thus the goal and the focus are only on winning in order to receive societys favor, adoration, and respect (282). In order to give a better expression of what play looks like, it is necessary to at least identify one of the many noncompetitive games cited in his essay. One such example is the cooperative rather than noncompetitive game called Cooperative Bowling. In this example of play, participants try to take down all ten pins in as many rounds as there are players. It is also significant to note that in play others are partners rather than opponents as in competition (288). Overall, Kohns main point he tries to get across is his belief that play not only can be much more enjoyable than the win/lose structure of competition, but that play can also make people an overall better human being than competition can (277). Furthermore, his entire essay helps assert that play has many more benefits compared to the benefits of competition. Kohn uses the unique advantages people think competition offers and shows how they can be just as advantageous if not more when one is involved in play of all kinds. When looking at the unique quality of teamwork, play is more beneficial and enjoyable because teamwork is, simply stated, a cooperative activity aimed at working together towards a common goal. Therefore, since play forces everyone to cooperate together while competition involves one group working against another enemy, play is twice as gratifying as competition is (283). In addition, play can be just as challenging as competition as evidenced by Cooperative Bowlin g (287-288). Play can also involve a determination to beat ones own previous record such as in running to beat ones previous time(s). It is important to note that this example of play does not involve competition because there are no winners or losers; there is only a push to challenge and better oneself rather than compare oneself to others as competition does (284). Every attempt whether failed or succeeded is nonetheless beneficial when a person challenges himself/herself. One key feature of competition is the destruction and disadvantages, that competition, and not play, creates. Competition and play are both similar in that they are supposed to provide large scale participation and enjoyment. However, looking at the rates of participation in North America makes one conclude that competition is not very popular or very much enjoyed. In North America it is not uncommon to lose from 80 to 90 percent of our registered organized sports participants by 15 years of age (285). That statistic alone should stand out as a major drawback of competition since competition is meant to yield vast participation and enjoyment. Even more so, the pervasive competitiveness in childrens athletic programs such as Little League baseball helps one to see the damage competition causes. Angry parents who yell at their children, humiliating them in the process, are such sad sights to see because they only to want to see their children win (286). As a certified soccer referee wh o has refereed for over four years now, I can strongly agree with this statement. Competition and sports are valued and accepted for their hostility, aggression, and violence as well (281). It is hard to correlate competition with fun, enjoyment, and unique advantages with this kind of evidence (286). Findings show that once children are exposed to noncompetitive games they generally prefer these games compared to competitive ones. However, society is socialized and brainwashed into thinking that competition is more enjoyable. When individuals are judged on their own efforts as in play or noncompetitive games and not compared or measured to any other individuals, greater benefits and enjoyment can be obtained (287). Cooperative games offer a satisfaction not only for the success of oneself but also for the success of all involved; sadly, this gratifying advantage is absent from competition (289). In conclusion, America is encompassed with the assumption that the only way to enjoy and benefit from leisure time is to engage in the win/lose model of competition. While competition is unlikely to fade from its high ranks in capitalistic America, it is essential for Americans to look more at play and noncompetitive games as opportunities for fostering social harmony and enjoyment and success for all.

Brutus and Mark Antony in the play Julius Caesar :: William Shakespeare

The Empire of Deceit In the play Julius Caesar, written by the playwright William Shakespeare, the characters Brutus and Mark Antony each recite a speech in the market place after Caesar’s death. These speeches, exemplifying parallelism, verbal irony, and witty use rhetoric, expose the true intentions of these characters. From these speeches, the reader can understand the true intentions of these characters and thus conclude for themselves whether or not the slaying of Caesar was one of justice or one of greed. Corruption is always apparent in every society. No matter what time, age, or government, every man or women always has a second intention. In murdering Caesar, Brutus hoped that he could gain power. His intentions also presented a scenario in which the plebeians were pleased with his course of action. Why? With the logic that states that all Roman people were or would become the slaves of Caesar due to his immense power. Thus, in Brutus’s mind, he is the liberator of the Roman people. Trying to woo the simple plebeians in the marketplace, he asks them to invest trust in him. Brutus makes clever rhetoric such as his emphasis and emotion on powerful words to convey his message. But what the reader must understand is that this man is nothing more than a corrupt politician. Brutus uses language in his favor, stating he killed Caesar not out of hate, but in fact because of his love of the Roman people. If one truly understands the key principles of all language and philosophy, the n one must be able to tell that Brutus is doing nothing more than using a â€Å"double-talk† kind of approach towards the common man. Reality can be controlled. The reason behind this statement is simple- reality is controlled by keepers of the records. What this statement means is that any situation can be manipulated in order to favor one side or another. In the speech by Antony, the tide of reality pulls sharply out, exposing a beach of discontent and deceit. Antony starts his speech by saying that he is not there to praise the late emperor, but in fact accept the fact that Brutus is a praiseworthy man. However, Antony’s speech begins to pull the tide of Brutus’s reality once Antony mentions that Caesar was his friend. It is this simple notion that changes Rome’s future forever. Antony goes on to state that Caesar had triumphed over many enemies, thus bringing power to the Romans and bringing much fortune.

Emily Dickinson’s poem #371 Essay

Analyzing the poem by discovering how the author used literary elements usually is very essential to understanding the poem’s theme. As one of the significant elements, extended metaphor may convey one of key ideas in poetry. Depending on the poem, extended metaphor may provide the opportunity to reflect on even more deep and hidden, but just as important concepts the author chooses to convey. Similarly, in the poem # 371, Emily Dickinson uses extended metaphor as practically the most essential element to convey her feelings in regard to The Antique Book held as fascinating and exciting volume. Emily Dickinson compares real historical characters to the Antique Book, giving it the qualities of a fine gentleman. It is a â€Å"precious pleasure† to meet such a gentleman who will entice with and tell of his radical but thrilling notions. What must mesmerize Emily in the â€Å"Antique Book† are realistic images of â€Å"the Dress his Century wore,† along with the opportunity of learning about compositions by Shakespeare, Sappho, Sophocles, Plato, to inspect their thoughts in detail, and to understand their contradicted ideas- dreams of the future. Such account of acquaintance, enhanced with the facts of history, is an â€Å"Enchantment.† This sophisticated â€Å"figure† may be dear to the narrator in the same way Beatrice may be to Dante. It is only one of the many reasons why Emily Dickinson would call â€Å"Antique Book† a gentleman-like, where the contents of a volume either entice, reflect, intrigue, puzzle, or fascinate the narrator . The development of this metaphor may be compared with the process of reading and enjoying a book. It can also be seen as an acquaintance with a particular person. As when meeting the â€Å"gentlemen,† the narrator may acquire strong fascination for this â€Å"person.† Fascination of Emily Dickinson may be seen through diction, since it is evidently â€Å"a†¦pleasure†¦to meet and Antique Book.† Further on, it is a â€Å"venerable Hand to take† and later it is â€Å"His quaint opinions- to inspect.† It seems as if the subject begins to fascinate the narrator and thus the conversation begins to be more intriguing. Here, then, â€Å"Old Volume shake their Vellum Heads,† thus tantalizing â€Å"-just so-† The encounter leaves the narrator with only the wish and that is to hear more. Undoubtedly, the same concept can be addressed to  an act of reading a book. The â€Å"acquaintance† is then with an interesting book which on e reads on to inspect its contents over and over, filled with radical but inspiring ideas. It can be said in overall that the point of interest in this poem arises from the first stanza to the last. Such usage of an extended metaphor and also other literary elements is meant to reveal the theme. What especially underlines the extended metaphor and thus helps to reflect narrator’s fascinating and exciting account is the use of allusion, diction, iambic pentameter in the poem, and also such elements as assonance and consonance. Basically, a reference to some of the great people in history is intended to be an aspect of the extended metaphor, which personifies The Antique Book, and is an allusion to the great philosophers, poets, and playwrights. Iambic pentameter is a significant tool because it, though seemingly plain and simple as an element, may convey numerous things, ideas that prosperous elegance is admired. Emily Dickinson also uses â€Å"slant rhyme† that might add to the effect of the poem, created as a bit formal but still a bit irregular. It can produce the same effect a book must produce on the narrator in this poem. In turn, assonance and consonance help to distinguish the key ideas in the poem. Though not many, Emily Dickinson uses consonance to connect the words such as â€Å"theme,† â€Å"mutual† and â€Å"mind.† Also assonance is used in words â€Å"venerable Hand to take,† repeating the vowel sound to emphasize, especially, the privilege behind this act. Referring to all the literary elements Emily Dickinson uses, it must be that otherwise understanding of the poem may have become convoluted. Consequently the poem thoroughly can be analyzed to trace the elements essential to the theme. It is very important to use such elements where poem may otherwise be seen pointless. In the poem #371, Emily Dickinson effectively reflects on her feelings thus enabling the poem to be intriguing, as the book is to the narrator. It may be true that Emily, as an author, gets her ideas, such a strange at the time and a curious at others embodied in a poetic form, from the sort of â€Å"Old Volume† as the one described in the poem. If so, this correlation may help suggest a message of a broader issue reflected in this poem.